autism symptoms diagnosis

These symptoms begin to appear from birth or as a child; usually before 3-year-old child.

Autism in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-IV R is one of five types of disorders under the umbrella of PDD (Perpasive Development Disorder) outside the ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder). Perpasiv developmental disorder (PDD) is a term used to describe a group of developmental disorders in the (umbrella term) PDD, namely:

1. Autistic Disorder (Autism) occurs before the age of 3 years and indicated the existence of barriers in social interaction, communication and imaginative play skills and stereotyped behavior in the interests and activities.
2. Asperger's Syndrome Barriers social interaction and development of interests and activities is limited, generally do not show delays in language and talk, and have high levels of average intelligence well above average.
3. Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) Referring to the term atypical autism, PDD-NOS diagnosis applies if a child does not show the overall criteria of a particular diagnosis (autism, Asperger's or Rett Syndrome).
4. Rett's syndrome more common in girls and rarely occurs in boys. Had experienced normal growth and a decline / loss of the ability they have; loss of functional ability were replaced with hand-waving hands to myself repeatedly over a range of age 1 - 4 years.
5. Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD) Shows the normal development during the first 2 years of age the development and the sudden loss of abilities has been achieved previously.

Diagnosis Disorder Perpasive Develompmental Not Otherwise Specified (PDD - NOS) commonly used or used in the United States to explain the existence of several characteristics of a person with autism (Howlin, 1998: 79). National Information Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities (NICHCY) in the United States stated that the Autism and PDD - NOS is a developmental disorder tend to have similar characteristics and symptoms appear before age 3 years. Both are neurological disorders that are affecting the ability to communicate, understand language, play and ability to relate to others. The inability to adapt to change and the responses are not fair to the sensory experience is often also linked to the symptoms of autism.

Children with autism may appear normal in the first year or second year of his life. Parents are often aware of a delay in language skills and specific ways different when playing and interacting with others. These children may become very sensitive or even unresponsive to stimuli from the five-rangasangan senses (hearing, touch, smell, taste and sight).

Repetitive behaviors (flapping, hand or finger flapping, body shaking and repeating the words) can also be found. Behavior can be aggressive (either to themselves or others) or even very passive. Most likely, previous behaviors are considered normal may be additional symptoms. In addition to playing repetitive, limited interests and social barriers, a few other things that has always been inherent in persons with autism are responses to abnormal sensory information they receive, for example; sound-noise, light, surface or the texture of a particular material and a certain flavor to the food to be their favorite.

Some or all of the characteristics mentioned below can be observed in the autistic spectrum with both with the condition that even the lightest to heaviest.

1. Barriers in communication, for example: speak and understand language.
2. Difficulties in dealing with other people or objects in the vicinity as well as linking the events that happened.
3. Playing with toys or other objects are not natural.
4. Difficult to accept changes in routine and environment that are recognized.
5. Move your body or repetitive patterns of behavior specific

Persons with autism and its spectrum is very diverse both in capabilities, level of intelligence, and even behavior. Some of these things are not 'talk' while some others may be limited in its language so often repeat words or phrases (echolalia). Those who have high language skills generally use themes limited and difficult to understand the concepts of abstract. Thus, there is always a unique individuality of individuals penyandangnya.

Apart from the above characteristics, there are directions and guidelines for parents and practitioners to more waspasa and care for symptoms that appear. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) in the United States mentioned the 5 types of behavior to watch out for and the need for further evaluation:

1. Children do not murmur until the age of 12 months
2. Children do not show the ability gestural (pointing, chest, holding) until the age of 12 months
3. Children do not say a word until the age of 16 months
4. Children are not able to use two sentences at the age of spontaneously 24 months
5. Children lose language skills and social interaction at a certain age

The existence of five 'red light' at the top does not mean that the child bears the characteristics of autism but because of autism disorders is very diverse so a child must have a multidisciplinary evaluation which may include; Neurologists, Psychologists, Pediatrics, Speech Therapy, Paedagog and other professions who understand the autism issue.

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